Later Ansang

Spoken by the Ansang people is one of the languages spoken in Ansang Islands.

It's an agglutinative language and polysyntatic, most of it's grammatical constructions and morpheme can be agglutinated forming long words that encompass several phrases.

Phonotactics
Ansang syllable structure is observed to be simple plain (C)V(V)(C).

Syntax
Ansang is mostly SVO, with nominative-accusative alignment.

Basic transitive construction
Ansang language exhibits a SVO word order.

Relative clauses
Demonstratives are used in relative clauses se "this" became a common relativizer. "The man I saw yesterday has left."

"I live in the house that you saw yesterday."se is also used as an participle marker coming before the verb which also can be described as adverb.

Converb
Converbs are an innovation in Later Ansang from the end of 1000AGS. Here you can see them. They are formed from the productive word ɨtɨ "thing" being grammaticalized as nominalizer.vel-mborot ndayɨtɨ, ndaʼ-ahako ndorok-ka

2.NOM-sew TERM.CVB 1.NOM-sing song-PL

"While you are sewing, we sing songs"

Rukɨtɨ
For an imperfective, conditional and locative converb (most known converb conjugation):mbaimbai xap-lu tɨr-ɨmbo rukɨtɨ tɨr-otiʼ ɨp njire

man temple-3.ACC 3.NOM-go CVB 3.NOM-see ART bird

"The man, while going to the temple, saw a bird"

Voŋɨtɨ
From the meaning to give, here its grammaticalized given a purposive and causal converb:mbu-toret se toʼor kake voŋɨtɨ

1.NOM-scale DEM fish cook CVB

"I scale this fish in order to cook it"

Ndayɨtɨ
From the verb to leave, here it is grammaticalized given a terminative converb:mbu-lonjor ndayɨtɨ mbu-res-eye-le tu-tere

1.NOM-die TERM.CVB 1.NOM-forget-NPST.NEG 2.GEN-kindness

"Until I die, I'll not forget your kindness"

Complementizer: alerukɨt and alendayɨ
From the two words Ale "to say" and Rukɨtɨ Converb (analyzed as the most common converb derived from the imperfective converb), the word it is grammaticalized as a complementizer. Another word rarely seen but also used in literature is Alendayɨ, from Ale "to say" and Ndayɨtɨ "terminative converb".tata umanji-re alerukɨt tɨr-ɨrot

father come-NPST say.CVB 3.NOM-know

"He knows that father will come tomorrow"

yo/ŋal - coordination for nominals and adjectives
Yo is the main coordination of Ansang translated as "and-NP", The numbers or nouns or noun phrases that can be conjoined to yo is unlimited unlike ŋal which is solely for adjectives and adjectival phrases. Verbs take the converbs show above.

Special cases as

other subordination strategies (e.g. for manner, means, purpose, cause)

valence-changing strategies (e.g. causatives, anticausatives, applicatives, etc.)

Questions (polar, content)
Question intonation is often used as a way to convey questions, be it polar or content.

Directional (orientational) prefixes

 * ŋay- Upward
 * ot- Up stream/Inward
 * la- Neutral
 * ŋge- Downward
 * ɨr- Down stream/Outward
 * map- Towards the speaker

Directive use of directional prefixes
Some verbs may not take directional prefixes, those that do, are verbs related to movement. Like to go, to pass, to flow and to arrive.

Writing system
Around the year 900AGS Lavondu people sailed in Ansang islands, some forward years in 950AGS their writing system the Opsíbdañox developed into Ansang Writing System.

Lavondu contact and borrowings
As Lavondu people arrived in Ansang islands, they stablished around and their native language changed and with ansang and möxali language being in a contact words were loaned.


 * yovɨdʼonlon "book, manuscript"
 * soxbʼo "paper"
 * bʼones "brushpaint"
 * bʼovo "omen"

And many other words...

Classifiers

 * -mboŋ small, roundy, from "rock".
 * -urɨŋ fleshy, bloody (related to body parts), from "meat".
 * -mar waterlogged places or things.
 * -ŋgayu stackable or foldable things.

Ordinal numbers
Formed by preceding the number with sa.

Counters
Ansang features counters for basically anything.

Literature
Ansang literature is characterized by highly religious texts that can be traced back by its origins when the Lavondu first came in contact with Ansang, in the 9th century of the Round 3. The first paragraph of the historical essay of a famous writer, Emberetek Arol ʼIʼici.ilap-aka tɨpima akatupɨne axek-e-ŋgɨ ndel ameʼ

ship-PL new   shape     come-PASS-PST LOC  ocean

"Ships of a new kind came from the ocean"