Proto-Üx-Ma language

Proto-Üx-Ma(PÜM) is the reconstructed form of the Üx-Ma languages.

Background
Two stages of Proto-Üx-Ma are distinguished.


 * Early Proto-Üx-Ma, almost identical to Proto-Wuh'um, it is thought to be common ancestor of Uxkl and Kalo.
 * Late Proto-Üx-Ma, the last common ancestor of Yumju.

Changes up to Late Proto-Üx-Ma

 * *l > *r Not a common change in Wuh'um languages but predominantly characteristic to Yumju.
 * *ɓ > *b.
 * *ti *tu are assibilated to *ci *cu
 * Lenition of consonants:
 * *q > *χ.
 * *ŋ > *x.
 * *s, *z > *h.
 * *x, *χ > *h.